Commercial Arbitration In The Islamic Middle East Case Study

1.2 Commercial Arbitration in the Islamic Middle East Massive world’s oil reserves lie in the countries lying in the Gulf, and most of the world corporations are keen to do business in the region. Therefore, the Co-operation Council from now on referred to as GCC is well represented in the international business environment. Countries trading with the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have complained about lenient or ineffective modern arbitration rules and regulation in the member states. However, progress has been made from the previous decades. Oman, passed legislation in 1997 allowing implementation of the Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration of 1985 which was later amended in 2006. However, some countries have shown†¦show more content†¦Many scholars are of the view that contemporary methods of arbitration have compatibility with the sharia laws but practices by some countries in the region have been frustrating to the arbitration cases mostly touching on oil concession with western firms. The primary focus includes the rules of sharia regarding arbitration about the local law in these countries will be made when necessary. 1.2.1 Arbitration under Sharia Laws Arbitration in local and international roles is present in the Islamic Middle-East. Nowadays, the countries in Islamic Middle-Eastern countries like the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain is a reflection of centuries-old practices where individuals and companies relied on arbitration within to solve disputes. The history of commercial arbitration in the region is replete with a shaky history. Currently, the model of arbitration used in the region does not incline toward the western arbitral system. The main reasons for this are due to the role played by religion in shaping both political and legal structure. To this regard, it has a high influence in influencing the conceptualization of the process of arbitration in the region. In the context of resolving disputes in the Islam sharia law recognizes such and tahkim as the primary methods of resolving the dispute. Sulh can be compared with the Western concept of addressing disputes where the parties reach an agreement without seeking help from a third party. Contrary, withinShow MoreRelatedPolitical Analysis of Qatar3720 Words   |  15 Pagesconstitution, and launch of Al Jazeera. Qatar served as headquarter and one of the main launching sites of U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003. In December 2010, Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA world cup and thus Qatar will be the first country of Middle East to host the tournament. Qataris celebrate their national day on 18th December. On this day the people of Qatar remembers Sheikh Jassim Bin Mohammad al Thani as a leader in 1878 and the force which supported Sheikh Jassim. Executive Branch InRead MoreOrigin of International Law5357 Words   |  22 Pagescontrasts between the law within a country (municipal law) and the law that operates outside and between states, international organizations and, in certain cases, individuals. International law itself is divided into conflict of laws (or private international laws) and public international law (termed international law).1 The former deals with cases in which foreign elements obtrude, raising questions as to application of foreign law or role of foreign courts.2 Public international law covers relationsRead MoreStabilisation in Investment Contracts and Changes of Rules in Host Countries: Tools for Oil Gas Investors34943 Words   |  140 Pages........................................6 FOREWORD ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................8 Scope of the Study ...........................................................................................................................8 Structure of the Study......................................................................................................................9 PART 1: THE PROBLEM ................................Read MoreThe Federal Republic of Nigeria Essay5255 Words   |  22 Pagesof Nigeria, known as Nigeria, is located on the African continent and borders on the south the Gulf of Guinea, on the east Cameroon, on the northeast Chad, Niger on the north, and Benin on the west. 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It was not until after the middle Ages, however, that natural law became associated with natural rights. In Greco-Roman and medieval times, doctrines of natural law concerned mainly the duties, rather than the rights, of Man. Moreover, as evidenced in the writings of Aristotle andRead MoreMy Phone Thesis16066 Words   |  65 Pagesdiscovered some 2,500 years ago by an Arawak-speaking Amerindian people who called it â€Å"Malliouhana†. There were about 40 Arawak villages in Anguilla the largest of which were at Island Harbour, Sandy Ground, Sandy Hill, Rendezvous Bay and Shoal Bay (east). The Arawaks who were originally from the Orinoco region of South America slowly made their way up through the chain of islands by raft or dugout canoe. They were skilled farmers and fishermen and were also good at pottery making. By theRead MoreExport Import Marketing in Bangladesh16064 Words   |  65 Pagesand narrowing down the gap between import payment and export earnings.    Objectives of the Study Broad Objectives: The general objective of this study is to determine the present activities of export, import and the significance of their role for smooth, efficient and effective marketing process of export import products overseas. Specific Objectives: †¢ However the specific objectives of the study may be described as: †¢ To identify the challenges of export Products in the Global Market

State Should Abolish Tn Ready Essay - 899 Words

The State Should Abolish TN Ready In recent years the state of Tennessee has experienced many problems with their new standardized testing called TN Ready. The new TN Ready standardized testing is unbeneficial to students and teachers. In the best interest of students and teachers, the state should abolish TN Ready, and replace it with the ACT Aspire and the ACT. Ever since the fall of 2015, when TN Ready began, the state has experienced many problems, some of which still exist two years later. The original plan was to have students test online from the beginning; that was however halted, when the system students were using crashed. After the computer system crashed, the state decided to test on paper, which the†¦show more content†¦The Bottom line is the state should not have begun a new way of testing student and teacher performance until they were certain that teachers and students would experience zero problems while testing. Since a new test in and of itself is hard eno ugh for teachers and students to learn how to do, the transition from TCAP to TN Ready should have been smooth from the get go, but it was not. The state should abolish TN Ready and move to the ACT Aspire for grades three through ten, and the ACT for grade eleven. The ACT Aspire, is a â€Å"system of assessments directly connected to the most used college entrance exam the ACT† (ACT). One of the state’s main objectives with TN Ready is to â€Å"give parents and teachers a big-picture perspective about how a student is progressing compared to peers across the district and state,† but yet TN Ready fails to give information about how well a student is performing nationally, because TN Ready is connected only to state standards (TN Dept. of Ed Pg.1-3). The ACT Aspire goes above the state’s goal, because it can tell how well the student is doing nationally. By using the ACT Aspire, as early as the third-grade, educators can see where they need to improve, so t hey can better a student’s chances of getting into college when they take the ACT in the eleventh grade. The ACT Aspire clearly will better prepareShow MoreRelatedNationalism and Transnationalism in the Context of the European Union28567 Words   |  115 Pagesof the European Union 32 3. European Nationalism: Transnational Integration 36 3.1. International Relations perspectives 36 3.2. Nationalism and Transnationalism 40 4. The future of Europe: National debates 46 4.1. The EU: State of Nations or Nation-State? 47 4.2. The European Union and its Citizens 61 4.3. Constitution for the European Union? 67 Conclusions 72 Bibliography 76 APPENDIX 82 Introduction The twentieth century bears tragic scars left by the First and Second

War Crimes Committed in World War II - 739 Words

During world war two, countries on both sides committed war crimes that shocked both the people involved, and the globe. From 1937 through to 1945, the Japanese justified their treatment of the Australian prisoners of war at the Burma railway with three things. The Japanese believed that their bushido code allowed them to treat the Australian this way, their ethics was one of complete brutality and hardship, and the Japanese soldiers were being fed false propaganda that showed a dehumanized view of the Australians. These three statements demonstrate that the Japanese atrocities committed at Burma, were, in the eyes of the Japanese, fair and just. The Japanese brutality was heavily influenced by bushido, a historic code of honour and morals that dictates how you act and live. The Japanese treated the Australian soldiers the way they did because their code tells them that those who surrender are weak and do not deserve your thoughts, and it is considered an unspeakable disgrace. Although the Japanese Imperial military committed to follow the samurai code of bushido after the restoration of the emperor in 1868, the code that they followed was a falsification of bushido. For the Japanese soldiers, bushido meant giving their life to the emperor; surrender was shameful; those who surrendered were thought of as dead; and sympathy for the defeated was weakness. No sympathy for the defeated was definitely not a part of the traditional bushido, the one practised by the samurai. ThisShow MoreRelatedA war crime is an unjust act of violence in which a military personnel violates the laws and1100 Words   |  5 PagesA war crime is an unj ust act of violence in which a military personnel violates the laws and acceptable behaviors of a war. Despite all the violence in a war, a soldier shooting another is not considered a war crime because it is not a violation to the laws and practices of a war, and it is considered just. A war crime is defined as a â€Å"violations [violation] of the laws and customs of war† (â€Å"War Crimes†), and are attacks â€Å"against civilian populations, prisoners of war, or in some cases enemy soldiersRead More How Japan Committed Crimes Against Humanity in Pursuit of Self-Interest1239 Words   |  5 Pagesduring the World War II. From 1937 to 1945, Japan started a series of wars, and resulted in millions of casualties along the way. Japanese battlefield consists of three parts: China, Pacific and Southeastern Asia. Japanese started these wars because they wanted to gain resources and war advantages for their own country. Japan committed crimes against humanity during their wars, which means they neglected human dignity and degraded human value by humiliation. During the Sino-Japanese War, the PearlRead MoreNanking Massacre Essay example876 Words   |  4 PagesNanking Massacre 1. 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The Nazi past weighs most heavily on Germany and its citizens who still grapple today with what the Nazis mean to their identity. This struggle was much different in the years immediately following World War II and the subsequent creation of divided Germany than today. In the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), the Nazi past was completely ignored. Instead focused on the West as the enemy. In the Federal Republic ofRead MoreThe Atrocities of World War II1111 Words   |  5 Pagesatrocity of World War II was the Holocaust, but the real truth hides much deeper within. There were thousands of atrocities that occurred leading up to the war, within the years of World War II, and after the war. Many were unrecognized and undocumented and the stories of the dead still remain unknown. My purpose here is to tell the story of the men, women, and children that no one remember, or never even knew existed. 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Bare free essay sample

Giggles and sneers. â€Å"Where’re your shoes?†I smile without meaning to and lightheartedly shrug, â€Å"In my backpack. I just felt like taking them off.† Sure, of course walking barefoot seems a little strange—maybe a little too Hippie for this era—but some spring days are just meant to be lived without shoes on. I often find that when bustling around campus, my mind is too busy freaking out about exams, soccer, or the dress I have to finish making to really look where I’m stepping. Today’s emphasis—and probably tomorrow’s—focuses more on where we are supposed to end up, and less on the stones we have to jump on to get there: my first lead role, flying alone to Spain, or my Geometry final freshman year that I stayed up all night to study for. Shoes only encourage this neglect. Shoes enable us to walk blindly because with our feet in a cage of safety, we don’t have to look where we step—we are protected. We will write a custom essay sample on Bare or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Children run around barefoot all the time despite the frowns of worried parents. I know I stubbed my toe at least ten times as a kid running around suburban streets determined to catch a football—and clearly even after the fifth time I wasn’t afraid of taking the risk of bare feet again. As a seven year old, I swash-buckled with trees and wrote stories that came to me while making fairy houses in the backyard. I didn’t care that trees didn’t fight back, or that my stories didn’t make sense, or even when my fairy houses collapsed. I didn’t worry about failure—I could always try and build that fairy house again another time. That stubbed toe: well, slap a band-aid on it and keep running. Where did all that fearlessness go?Play it safe, do what you know you can do, just get through the day, and wear shoes. Yes, my mature head tells me to be secure and I’ll have a comfortable future. If I walk only â€Å"inside the box† then I won’t have to feel any hurt, any disappointment, and definitely won’t have to feel the sting of a stubbed toe. If I had always lived in a laced up comfort zone I never would have experienced getting cut from the soccer team I tried out for, messing up during a flute concert, or losing my voice as a cabin leader at Outdoor Ed. See though, sometimes we have to take risks, even if the outcome doesn’t always seem worth it. If we never skid through any dirty puddles, we can never know the true taste of victory. Luckily, my heart is a bit more reckless than my head and still believes in writing wild stories and sprinting barefoot.My campus is lettered with painful gravel and gross dirt, not to mention scorching pavement—something I only caught onto once my sandals were in my backpack. Yet as I gratefully stroll over a patch of lawn, I also start to appreciate just how wonderfully soft the grass is, and when I enter the Main building, I enjoy the cool wooden hallway more than I should for just a plain spring day. A grin smears itself into the corner of my mouth and I realize all these things I feel biting or soothing my feet mean I’m alive. It’s all good.

Philip Larkin Essay Example For Students

Philip Larkin Essay In the poem Mr. Blarney, Larkin does indeed portray a theme of loneliness. From his 1964 Whitish Weddings collection and written in 1955, the pain and memory of the Second World War were still very much present in the minds of the British people, and the country was in a state of Post-War Depression. The language used by the poet also reinforces this attitude. Initially, we are confronted by the monotonous name, Mr. Blarney, which itself sounds very lackluster and represents an uninteresting man who led a life absent of excitement. The use of rhyming couplets in an ABA format symbolisms the repetitious nature of Mr. Blarneys life and how it ill always remain unchanging, a pattern that he couldnt escape. Another technique used by Larkin to show Mr. Blarneys lifestyle is the use of enjambment at the beginning and end of each stanza, signifying the continuous downward spiral that Mr. Blarney was unable to escape; a cycle that the persona may have also have entered. Every description of the room reinforces the idea that Mr. Blarney led a lonely and unhappy life such as the curtains that were thin and frayed and the strip of littered building land. The sixty-watt bulb reference shows us that his existence was dull ND dim, lacking any power or vitality. The casual, so it happens in the second line of the third stanza, is demonstrating how the speaker has resigned themselves to living this empty life but also that they didnt have a choice in the matter which makes the reader wonder whether Mr. Blarney had a choice in regards to his loneliness or whether he was Just cast out and forgotten. It is confirmed that the speaker is living the ghost of Mr. Blarneys life when he says that he knows his habits and his preference for sauce to graving. The notion that he is but a memory is repeated when he speaker talks of the Friction folk who put him up for summer holidays. The poets use of put him up gives us the feeling that Mr. Blarney was only there out of convenience or that the people in mention only gave him a place to stay out of pity rather than friendship. Throughout the poem there are connotations of death such as the whole time he was at the Bodies. The capitalization of Bodies could represent that it is a place but also has a noticeable connection to death, leading us to believe that Mr.. Blarney is indeed deceased. In addition in the final stanza, whilst in reality one hired box means the mom that he rents, it could also be a reference to the coffin that Mr. Blarney left in. In the final line, the concluding I dont know sounds weary and tired as though the persona is unsure as to whether he deserves any better than Mr. Blarney. The constant references to loneliness in this poem make the reader wonder how self- worth is evaluated, be it based on friendship or material possessions, both of which Mr. Blarney lacks. On the other hand, in the poem Dockers and Son, the main theme is one of bitterness and Jealousy. The title reminds us of a family firm, more specifically a unreal parlous which gives us the expectation that this will be a melancholic piece. Dockers was Junior to you, wasnt he, shows that Dockers was younger than the speaker and so you can assume he is further away from death, something Larkin was hyper aware of. This is soon followed by death-suited, showing that perhaps this initial part of the poem is set at a funeral. .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .postImageUrl , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:hover , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:visited , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:active { border:0!important; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:active , .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62 .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9568a1582e6f2206daf82d707b7c7e62:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Red Room and A Vendetta EssayStraight after however, the speakers train of thought is en-dashed to show that it has been cut off. It symbolisms him cutting off and his lack of interest in listening to the Dean of the college. The poem now enters TTS second stage where the speaker seems to be reminiscing over their university years but also reflecting on their life up to the present day. He tries the door of where he previously lived and the enjambment onto the next line, locked shows that his past life is but a memory. However, Dockers still has that connection to the university through his son whereas the speaker does not. The quote, the lawn spreads dazzlingly wide shows that the university is a grand place, and that the persona is almost insignificant in comparison to it. Again, this could be comparative to Larrikin own life reflecting on his time at Oxford University. But Dockers, good lord, shows the reader that he is shocked, almost bordering on outrage, that Dockers has a son and he does not. This leads him to question how much he knew about his contemporaries and reinforces the idea that he no longer has any connection to university which he so clearly adored, not even through his old friends. The furnace-glares of Sheffield are a dramatic contrast to the dazzling lawns of the university and represent what reality is like for him and his Jealousy of Dockers son. The Joined and parting lines of the railway track are a metaphor for his life and legislations; they could have been together, but they went their separate ways.

How to Write a College Essay

How to Write a College EssayTo write a college essay, you need to have knowledge of MLA format. While there are many other types of essay formats, they all share the same basic structure. There are a few basic differences between these types of writing however, which is why a college student will have to know the basic details.MLA is a major style used by many writers and some of them are not aware of it, because they think that it is just for academics. They just assume that when they try to write a paper, it is all going to be mathematical, or wordy. The truth is that it is for writers who want to gain an understanding of different styles of writing.The first thing that you need to know about this essay format is how it works. With all the other forms of essay styles, you have paragraphs, or sentences, in between the ideas or topics, which form the main body of the essay. With this type of essay though, you have the beginnings of your topic, and then some more material, which is ca lled the 'antidote'. That means, it gives you something to start the sentence with, and something to give you a pause, so that you can find your way out of the sentence, and then you can continue the next paragraph.You also need to understand the main purpose of the essay. It will tell a story, a point, or an argument, which are its main features. When the author has enough material to do so, he has what is called a case, which will be your conclusion, or an opinion about that topic.The main point of MLA format is that it allows for the most number of ideas to be written into the same space, without needing to be awkward. This also makes for easier readability. Each idea or paragraph should be able to stand on its own. The different ones, from different authors or topics should also be separate.In order to keep the reader's attention, they need to know what they should expect from the essay before they open it. It will tell them what the basic layout of the paper will be, where the beginning of the paper will start, and where the end will be. This is the reason that all college students need to have basic knowledge of it, even if they have studied grammar or writing theories.The main subject of the paper is one of the main factors, that a college student will need to consider. The writer should always remember that a proper introduction will always make the world understand the main topic that they are writing about. That means, when they are looking at the essay, they will see an introduction, and then a discussion about the topic.Another advantage of MLA format is that it gives the writer the chance to be more creative, than just writing about words. The style also allows the writer to show their ability to communicate well, while working with this type of format. If the student uses this style properly, it will allow them to express themselves much better than other forms of essay and make the reader pay attention.

THE EFFECTS OF ALTITUDE ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Changes In Altitude Have A

THE EFFECTS OF ALTITUDE ON HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Changes in altitude have a profound effect on the human body. The body attempts to maintain a state of homeostasis or balance to ensure the optimal operating environment for its complex chemical systems. Any change from this homeostasis is a change away from the optimal operating environment. The body attempts to correct this imbalance. One such imbalance is the effect of increasing altitude on the body's ability to provide adequate oxygen to be utilized in cellular respiration. With an increase in elevation, a typical occurrence when climbing mountains, the body is forced to respond in various ways to the changes in external environment. Foremost of these changes is the diminished ability to obtain oxygen from the atmosphere. If the adaptive responses to this stressor are inadequate the performance of body systems may decline dramatically. If prolonged the results can be serious or even fatal. In looking at the effect of altitude on b ody functioning we first must understand what occurs in the external environment at higher elevations and then observe the important changes that occur in the internal environment of the body in response. HIGH ALTITUDE In discussing altitude change and its effect on the body mountaineers generally define altitude according to the scale of high (8,000 - 12,000 feet), very high (12,000 - 18,000 feet), and extremely high (18,000+ feet), (Hubble, 1995). A common misperception of the change in external environment with increased altitude is that there is decreased oxygen. This is not correct as the concentration of oxygen at sea level is about 21% and stays relatively unchanged until over 50,000 feet (Johnson, 1988). What is really happening is that the atmospheric pressure is decreasing and subsequently the amount of oxygen available in a single breath of air is significantly less. At sea level the barometric pressure averages 760 mmHg while at 12,000 feet it is only 483 mmHg. T his decrease in total atmospheric pressure means that there are 40% fewer oxygen molecules per breath at this altitude compared to sea level (Princeton, 1995). HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM The human respiratory system is responsible for bringing oxygen into the body and transferring it to the cells where it can be utilized for cellular activities. It also removes carbon dioxide from the body. The respiratory system draws air initially either through the mouth or nasal passages. Both of these passages join behind the hard palate to form the pharynx. At the base of the pharynx are two openings. One, the esophagus, leads to the digestive system while the other, the glottis, leads to the lungs. The epiglottis covers the glottis when swallowing so that food does not enter the lungs. When the epiglottis is not covering the opening to the lungs air may pass freely into and out of the trachea. The trachea sometimes called the "windpipe" branches into two bronchi which in turn lead to a lung. Once in the lung the bronchi branch many times into smaller bronchioles which eventually terminate in small sacs called alveoli. It is in the alveoli that the actual transfer of oxygen to the blood takes place. The alveoli are shaped like inflated sacs and exchange gas through a membrane. The passage of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood is dependent on three major factors: 1) the partial pressure of the gases, 2) the area of the pulmonary surface, and 3) the thickness of the membrane (Gerking, 1969). The membranes in the alveoli provide a large surface area for the free exchange of gases. The typical thickness of the pulmonary membrane is less than the thickness of a red blood cell. The pulmonary surface and the thickness of the alveolar membranes are not directly affected by a change in altitude. The partial pressure of oxygen, however, is directly related to altitude and affects gas transfer in the alveoli. GAS TRANSFER To understand gas trans fer it is important to first understand something about the behavior of gases. Each gas in our atmosphere exerts its own pressure and acts independently of the others. Hence the term partial pressure refers to the contribution of each gas to the entire pressure of the atmosphere. The average